Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 102: at/in/on (địa điểm) – Học Hay

Dưới đây là cách sử dụng giới từ in, on, at:

Giới từ	Chỉ nơi chốn	Ví dụ
IN	vị trí bên trong một không gian	- in the room/ building/ kitchen;
	trong làng, thị trấn, thành phố, quốc gia	- in Viet Nam, in Vu Dai Village;
	đi lại bằng xe hơi, taxi	- in car; in bus
	in (không có mạo từ): chỉ một người đang ở nơi nào đó	in bed/ in hospital/ in prison/ in church
	phương hướng, nơi chốn	in the South/ East/ West/ North; in the middle of
ON	vị trí trên bề mặt	- on the table
	số tầng (trong tòa nhà)	- on the second floor
	trước tên đường (dùng trong văn nói, văn viết kiểu Mỹ)	- on the street, on Wall Street
	phương tiện đi lại công cộng hoặc cá nhân (trừ car, taxi)	on a bus/ train/ plane/ ship
	cụm từ chỉ vị trí	on the left/ right; on the front/ back (of) …
AT	chỉ vị trí tại một địa điểm chung chung, không cụ thể	- at home; at the station,  …
	chỉ địa điểm trong một cuộc hành trình	- at Phan Thiet staionat night
	nơi công cộng mà chúng ta đến để được hưởng dịch vụ:	- at the doctor's  surgery, at hairdresser’s
	Địa chỉ tên nhà	- at 35/6 Nguyen Van Troi street
	chỉ nơi làm việc, học tập	at work/ school/ college/ university
	sự hiện diện (của một người) tại một sự kiện	at the party, at the meeting, at the concert

► Để nhớ được cách dùng giới từ in on at, hãy sử dụng chúng như 1 hình tam giác. Tam giác nay lọc các cụm từ chỉ thời gian theo quy tắc tăng dần, từ mức độ nhỏ nhất, cụ thể cho tới mức độ chung chung và lớn dần.

- Giới từ At: phần đỉnh của tam giác tương ứng với thời gian và địa điểm cụ thể nhất.

Về địa điểm: dùng cho địa điểm cụ thể: at 256 Le Trong Tan street

- Giới từ On: Phần giữa của phễu giành cho "on", tương ứng với địa điểm cụ thể hơn, thời gian chi tiết hơn so với "in".

Về địa điểm, "on" dùng cho một vùng tương đối dài, rộng như đường phố, bãi biển… Ví dụ: on Le Duan Street, on the beach, on my street

- Giới từ In: Phần đáy của phễu là giành cho giới từ in - chỉ những thứ lớn nhất, chung chung nhất.

Về địa điểm: "in" dùng cho những địa điểm lớn như country (quốc gia), cho đến village, neighborhoods (làng, vùng): in the United States, in Miami, in my neighborhood.

 

►► Các cụm từ với on/in/at

- On: on holidays (vào dịp lễ), on vacation (vào kỳ nghỉ), on business, (đi công tác), on a trip (đi chơi), on a tour (đi du lịch), on a cruise (đi du thuyền), on television ( trêntruyền hình), on the radio (trên vô tuyến), on the phone ( dang nghe điện thoại), on a strike (đình công), on a diet (đang giảm cân), on fire (đang cháy) on the whole ( nhìn chung), on purpose (cố tình), …

- In: in the rain (trong mưa), in the sun (dưới ánh mặt trời), in the shade ( trong bóng râm), in the dark (trong bóng tối), in bad weather (trong thời tiếc xấu), in ink (viết bằng mực), in pencil (viết bằng bút chì), i  in cash (bằng tiền mặt), in cheque (bằng ngân phiếu ), in love with someone (yêu ai đó), in one’s opinion (theo quan điểm của ai), …

- At: at the age of (vào độ tuổi), at a speed of (ở vận tốc), at a temperature of (ở nhiệt độ), …

Ví dụ:

• May I pay in cheque?
  (Tôi trả bằng ngân phiếu được chứ?)
• In my opinion, the film wasn’t very good.
  (Theo quan điểm của tôi, bộ phim này không hay cho lắm)
• Jill left school at 16/ at the age of 16.
  (Jill bỏ học vào năm 16 tuổi)

 

A Answer the questions about the pictures. Use in, at or on with the words below the pictures.

1 Where’s the label? On the bottle.

2 Where’s the fly?........................

3 Where’s the car waiting? ................

4 Where’s the notice? ................Where’s the key? ................

5 Where are the shelves? ................

6 Where’s the Eiffel Tower? ................

7 Where’s the man standing? ................Where’s the bird? ................

8 Where are the children playing? ................

B Complete the sentences. Use in, at or on + the following:

the window        his hand               the mountains                                 that tree my guitar             the river               the island           junction 14

 

1 There were some people swimming in the river .

2 One of the strings ................is broken.

3 Leave the motorway ................and then turn left.

4 He was holding something................ , but I couldn’t see what it was.

5 The leaves................ are a beautiful colour.

6 You can go skiing................ near here. There’s plenty of snow.

7 There’s nobody living................ . It’s uninhabited.

8 He spends most of the day sitting ................and looking outside.

C Complete the sentences with in, at or on.

1 There was a long queue of people at the bus stop.

2 Nicola was wearing a silver ring ................her little finger.

3 There was a security guard standing ................the entrance to the building.

4 I wasn’t sure whether I had come to the right office. There was no name ................the door.

5 There are plenty of shops and restaurants ................the town centre.

6 You’ll find the weather forecast ................the back page of the newspaper.

7 The headquarters of the company are................ California.

8 I wouldn’t like an office job. I couldn’t spend the whole day sitting ................a desk.

9 The man the police are looking for has a scar ................his right cheek.

10 If you come here by bus, get off ................the stop after the traffic lights.

11 Have you ever been camping? Have you ever slept................ a tent?

12 Emily was sitting ................the balcony reading a book.

13 My brother lives ................a small village................ the south-west of England.

14 I like that picture hanging................ the wall ................the kitchen.

 

D Answer the questions about the pictures. Use in, at or on with the words below the pictures.

1 Where does Amy work? In the sales department.

2 Amy lives in this building. Where’s her flat exactly?......................

3 Where is the woman standing? ...............

4 Where is the man standing? ...............

5 Where’s the cat? ...............

6 Where’s the dog? ...............

7 Lisa is in this group of people. Where is she? ...............

8 Where’s the post office? ...............

9 Gary is at the cinema. Where is he sitting? ...............

10 Where is the bank? ...............

E Complete the sentences. Use in, at or on + the following:

the west coast the world            the back of the class       the sky the front row     the right               the back of this card       the way to work

1 It’s a lovely day. There isn’t a cloud in the sky .

2 In most countries people drive............... .

3 What is the tallest building............... ?

4 I met a friend of mine ...............this morning.

5 San Francisco is............... of the United States.

6 We went to the theatre last night. We had seats............... .

7 I couldn’t hear the teacher. She spoke quietly and I was sitting .

8 I don’t have your address. Could you write it............... ?

F Complete the sentences with in, at or on.

1 Write your name at the top of the page.

2 Is your sister............... this photo? I don’t recognise her.

3 They live in a small house ...............the bottom of the hill.

4 We normally use the front entrance to the building, but there’s another one ...............the back.

5 We had to wait ...............a queue for an hour to check in at the airport.

6 There was a list of names, but my name wasn’t ...............the list.

7 Is there anything interesting ...............today’s newspaper?

8 I love to look up at the stars............... the sky at night.

9 When I’m a passenger in a car, I prefer to sit............... the front.

10 I live in a very small village. You probably won’t find it............... your map.

11 Joe works ...............the furniture department of a large store.

12 Paris is ...............the (river) Seine.

13 I don’t like cities. I’d much prefer to live............... the country.

14 My office is ...............the top floor. It’s ...............your left as you come out of the lift.

 

G Complete the sentences about the pictures. Use in, at or on with the words below the pictures.

1 You can hire a car at the airport .

2 Dave is………………. .

3 Karen is…………… .

4 Martin …………….

5 Judy is…………… .

6 I saw Gary…………… .

7 We spent a few days…………… .

8 We went to a show…………… .

H Complete the sentences. Use in, at or on + the following:

the plane             the station          a taxi                     the art gallery Tokyo                    school                   prison                   the sports centre

 

1 Some people are in prison for crimes that they did not commit.

2 We can get coffee ……………while we’re waiting for our train.

3 We walked to the restaurant, but we went home…………… .

4 I play basketball ……………on Friday evenings.

5 I enjoyed the flight, but the food ……………was awful.

6 Vicky has gone to Japan. She’s living…………… .

7 ‘Does your sister have a job?’ ‘No, she’s only 16. She’s still…………… .’

8 There’s a new exhibition of paintings…………… . Let’s go and see it.

I Complete these sentences with in, at or on.

1 We went to a concert at the National Concert Hall.

2 There isn’t a shop ……………the village where I live. It’s very small.

3 Joe wasn’t ……………the party. I don’t know why he didn’t go.

4 There were about ten tables ……………the restaurant, and four tables outside.

5 I don’t know where my umbrella is. Perhaps I left it ……………the bus.

6 What do you want to study ……………university?

7 I didn’t feel well when I woke up, so I stayed ……………bed.

8 We were ……………Sarah’s house last night. She invited us to dinner.

9 It was a very slow train. It stopped ……………every station.

10 Shall we travel ……………your car or mine?

11 We took a taxi and Ben followed ……………his motorbike.

12 I’d like to see a movie. What’s on ……………the cinema this week?

13 We went to see a movie last night. It was really cold…………… the cinema.

14 Two people were injured in the accident and are still ……………hospital.

15 Our flight was delayed. We had to wait…………… the airport for three hours.

16 I didn’t expect you to…………… be home. I thought you’d be ……………work.

A

2 On his arm. or On the man’s arm.

3 At the traffic lights.

4 On the door. (notice)

In the door. (key)

5 On the wall.

6 In Paris.

7 At the gate. (man)

On the gate. (bird)

8 On the beach.

B

2 on my guitar

3 at junction 14

4 in his hand

5 on that tree

6 in the mountains

7 on the island

8 at the window

C

2 on

3 at

4 on

5 in

6 on

7 in

8 at

9 on

10 at

11 in

12 on

13 in a small village in the south-west

14 on the wall in the kitchen

D

2 On the second floor.

3 On the corner. or At the corner.

4 In the corner.

5 At the top of the stairs.

6 In the back of the car.

7 At the front.

8 On the left.

9 In the back row.

10 At the end of the street.

E

2 on the right

3 in the world

4 on the way to work

5 on the west coast

6 in the front row

7 at the back of the class

8 on the back of this card

F

2 in

3 at

4 at

5 in

6 on

7 in

8 in

9 in

10 on

11 in

12 on

13 in

14 on … on

G

2 on a train

3 at a conference

4 is in hospital / in the hospital

5 at the hairdresser’s

6 on his bike

7 in New York

8 at the Savoy Theatre

H

2 at the station

3 in a taxi

4 at the sports centre

5 on the plane

6 in Tokyo

7 at school

8 at the art gallery

I

2 in

3 at

4 in

5 on

6 at

7 in

8 at

9 at

10 in

11 on

12 at

13 in

14 in

15 at

16 at … at

 

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