Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 106: Giới từ đi với tính từ – Học Hay


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Giáo trình English Grammar in Use – Unit 106: Giới từ đi với tính từ | Học Hay

Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 106: Giới từ đi với tính từ – Học Hay

Trong tiếng anh, người ta thường sử dụng tính từ đi kèm với giới từ nhất định (preposition with adjective). Không có 1 khuôn mẫu hay công thức nào cho các giới từ với tính từ, bạn phải học thuộc chúng.

Bảng giới từ theo sau tính từ trong tiếng anh:

Tính từ + giới từ Nghĩa
OF  
Ashamed of xấu hổ về…
Afraid of sợ, e ngại…
Ahead of trước
Aware of nhận thức
Capable of có khả năng về
Confident of  tự tin về
Doublful of nghi ngờ về
Fond of Thích
Full of đầy, nhiều
Hopeful of hy vọng vào
Independent of không phụ thuộc vào
Nervous of lo lắng về
Proud of tự hào về
Jealous of ganh tỵ với
Guilty of phạm tội về
Sick of chán nản về
Scare of sợ hãi
Suspicious of nghi ngờ về
Joyful of vui mừng về
Quick of nhanh  làm (1 hành động gì đó)
Tired of mệt mỏi về
Terrified of khiếp sợ về
TO  
Able to có thể
Acceptable to có thể chấp nhận đối với
Accustomed to quen với
Agreeable to đồng ý với
Addicted to  nghiện
Available to somebody Có sẵn cho ai
 delightful to somebody thú vị đối với ai
Familiar to somebody quen thuộc đối với ai
Clear to rõ ràng đối với ai
Contrary to đối lập với
Equal to tương đương với
Exposed to phơi bày, để lộ với
Favorable to  thuận lợi với
Grateful to somebody biết ơn ai
Harmful to somebody (for sth) có hại cho ai (cho cái gì)
Important to quan trọng đối với
Identical to somebody giống hệt ai đó
Kind to tử tế với
Likely to có thể
Lucky to may mắn để
Liable to có khả năng bị
Necessary to sth/somebody cần thiết cho việc gì / cho ai
Next to kế bên
Open to cởi mở
Pleasant to cái gì  dễ chịu đối với
Preferable to cái gì đươc yêu thích hơn với
Profitable to cái gì có lợi với
Responsible to somebody có trách nhiệm với ai
 Responsible to somebody for something chịu trách nhiệm với ai vì cái gì
Rude to thô lỗ, cộc cằn với
Similar to giống, tương tự
Useful to somebody có ích cho ai
Willing to sẵn lòng để làm
FOR  
Available for sth/sb có sẵn (cái gì) cho cái gì đó/ai đó
Anxious for, about lo lắng cho, lo lắng về
Bad for xấu cho
Good for tốt cho
Convenient for thuận lợi cho
Difficult for Khó cho
Late for trễ cho
Liable for sth chịu trách nhiệm về pháp lý đối với cái gì đó
Dangerous for nguy hiểm cho
Famous for nổi tiếng cho
Fit for thích hợp với
Well-known for nổi tiếng vì
Greedy for tham lam
Good for tốt cho
Grateful for sth biết ơn về việc
Helpful / useful for có ích / có lợi cho
Necessary for cần thiết cho
Perfect for hoàn hảo cho
Prepare for chuẩn bị cho
Qualified for có phẩm chất cho
Ready for sth sẵn sàng cho việc gì
Responsible for sth có trách nhiệm về việc gì
Suitable for thích hợp cho
Sorry for lấy làm tiếc cho
IN  
Deficient in something thiếu hụt cái gì
Fortunate in something may mắn trong cái gì
Weak in something yếu cái gì
Engaged in something tham  gia vào cái gì đó
Experienced in something có kinh nghiệm về cái gì
Interested in something /doing something quan tâm cái gì /việc gì
ABOUT  
Sorry about something lấy làm tiếc, về cái gì
Curious about something tò mò về cái gì
Doubtful about something hoài nghi về cái gì
Enthusiastic about something hào hứng về cái gì
Reluctant about something (or to) something ngần ngại,  về cái gì / làm gì
Uneasy about something không thoải mái về cái gì
Confused about bối rối về
Excited about hào hứng về
Anxious about lo lắng về
WITH  
Angry with somebody giận dỗi ai
Busy with something bận với cái gì
Consistent with something kiên trì với cái gì
 Content with something bằnglòng với cái gì
 Familiar (to/with) something Quen thuộc với cái gì/đối với cái gì
 Crowded with đầy cái gì đó
 Patient with something kiên trì với cái gì
 Impressed with/by có ấn tượng  với/bởi
 Popular with phổ biến quen thuộc với
 Satisfied with thoả mãn với
 Annoyed with somebody khó chịu với ai
 Furious with somebody phẫn nộ với ai
ON  
 Dependent on something/somebody lệ thuộc vào cái gì /vào ai
 Intent on something  quyết tâm làm cái gì
 Keen on something yêu thích cái gì
AT  
 Good at giỏi về
 Bad at tệ về
 Clever at  giỏivề
Quick at nhanh về cái gì
 Excellent at xuất sắc về
 Skillful at có kỹ năng về
 Annoyed at/about something khó chịu về điều gì
 Surprised at ngạc nhiên về
 Shocked at sửng sốt về
Amazed at kinh ngạc về
Present at hiện diện tại
Clumsy at vụng về về
Angry at/ about something tức giận về điều gì
   

Trên đây là 1 số giới từ với tính từ thông dụng. Bạn có thể ghi nhớ chúng thông qua các ví dụ và bài tập.

  • I'm bad at math. (Tôi rất dở toán)
  • She is responsible for the accident.
    (Cô ta là người chịu trách nhiệm cho vụ tai nạn)
  • They are keen on reading. (Họ yêu thích đọc sách)
     
  • The scholarship is very important to him.
    (Học bổng rất quan trọng với cậu ấy)
  • Are you afraid of them?
    (Cậu lo ngại về bọn nó sao?)

Bài tập Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 106: Giới từ đi với tính từ – Học Hay

A Complete the sentences using nice of …, kind of … etc.

Tom offered to drive me to the airport.

2 I needed money and Lisa gave me some.

3 They didn’t invite us to their party.

4 Can I help you with your luggage?

5 Kevin never says ‘thank you’.

6 They’ve had an argument and now they

refuse to speak to each other

(nice) That was nice of him.

(generous) That …………………her.

(not very nice) That wasn’t……………

(very kind) That’s……………

(not very polite) That isn’t……………

(a bit childish) That’s a bit……………

 

B Complete the sentences using an adjective + preposition. Choose from:

amazed                angry     bored    careless                excited                                 impressed           kind                 nervous

 

1 Are you nervous about the exam?

2 Thank you for all you’ve done. You’ve been very ……………me.

3 What have I done wrong? Why are you…………… me?

4 You must be very…………… your trip next week. It sounds really great.

5 I wasn’t ……………the service in the restaurant. We had to wait ages.

6 Ben isn’t very happy at college. He says he’s…………… the course he’s doing.

7 I’d never seen so many people before. I was…………… the crowds.

8 It was ……………you to leave the car unlocked while you were shopping.

C Put in the correct preposition.

1 They were delighted with the present I gave them.

2 It was nice ……………you to come and see me when I was ill.

3 Why are you always so rude…………… people? Why can’t you be more polite?

4 We always have the same food every day. I’m fed up…………… it.

5 We had a good holiday, but we were disappointed…………… the hotel.

6 I can’t understand people who are cruel ……………animals.

7 I was surprised…………… the way he behaved. It was completely out of character.

8 I’ve been trying to learn Japanese, but I’m not very satisfied ……………my progress.

9 Tanya doesn’t look very well. I’m worried ……………her.

10 I’m sorry ……………yesterday. I completely forgot we’d arranged to meet.

11 There’s no point in feeling sorry ……………yourself. It won’t help you.

12 Are you still upset ……………what I said to you yesterday?

13 Some people say Kate is unfriendly, but she’s always been very nice ……………me.

14 I’m tired ……………doing the same thing every day. I need a change.

15 We interviewed ten people for the job, and we weren’t impressed ……………any of them.

16 Vicky is annoyed ……………me because I didn’t agree with her.

17 I’m sorry ……………the smell in this room. I’ve just finished painting it.

18 I was shocked ……………what I saw. I’d never seen anything like it before.

19 Jack is sorry ……………what he did. He won’t do it again.

20 The hotel was incredibly expensive. I was amazed…………… the price of a room.

21 Paul made the wrong decision. It was honest ……………him to admit it.

22 You’ve been very generous ……………me. You’ve helped me a lot.

23 Our neighbours were very angry…………… the noise we made.

24 Our neighbours were furious ……………us…………… making so much noise.

 

D Complete the sentences using an adjective + of. Choose from:

ashamed             aware   capable                envious                proud    scared   short     typical

 

 

1 I’m a bit short of money. Can you lend me some?

2 My children have done very well. I’m ……………..them.

3 What I did was very bad. I’m………… myself.

4 She always behaves like that. It’s………… her.

5 He wouldn’t be able to run his own business. He’s not …………it.

6 I don’t like going up ladders. I’m …………heights.

7 Nobody told me she was ill. I wasn’t …………it.

8 I wish I had what Sarah has. I’m …………her.

E Write sentences about yourself. Are you good at these things or not? You can use:

good      pretty   good      not very good    hopeless

  

1 (repairing things) I’m not very good at repairing things.

2 (telling jokes)

3 (maths)

4 (remembering names)

5 (making decisions)

F Complete the sentences using an adjective + preposition. Choose from:

afraid        capable            different              interested           proud       responsible     similar   sure

 

1 I think she’s arriving this evening, but I’m not sure of that.

2 Your camera is………… mine, but it isn’t exactly the same.

3 Don’t worry. I’ll look after you. There’s nothing to be………… .

4 I never watch the news on TV. I’m not …………the news.

5 The editor is the person who is …………what appears in a newspaper.

6 Sarah is a keen gardener and is very …………her garden.

7 I was surprised when I first met Tina. She was …………what I expected.

8 Ben could become world champion one day. He’s …………it.

G Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.

1 There were lots of tourists in the streets. => The streets were crowded with tourists .

2 There was a lot of furniture in the room. => The room was full………… .

3 I don’t like sport very much.  => I’m not very keen………… .

4 We don’t have enough time. => We’re short………… .

5 Helen does her job very well. => Helen is very good ………….

6 Steven’s wife is a doctor. => Steven is married ………….

7 I don’t trust Robert. => I’m suspicious………… .

8 My problem is not the same as yours. => My problem is different ………….

H Put in the correct preposition.

1 Amy is always full of energy.

2 My home town is not a very interesting place. It’s not famous………… anything.

3 Kate is very fond………… her younger brother.

4 You look bored. You don’t seem interested …………what I’m saying.

5 ‘Our flight departs at 10.35.’ ‘Are you sure …………that?’

6 I wanted to go out for a meal, but nobody else was keen …………the idea.

7 These days everybody is aware………… the dangers of smoking.

8 The station platform was crowded …………people waiting for the train.

9 Mark has no money of his own. He’s completely dependent………… his parents.

10 We’re short………… staff in our office right now. We need more people to do the work.

Đáp án

A

2 That was generous of her.

3 That wasn’t very nice of them.

4 That’s very kind of you.

5 That isn’t very polite of him.

6 That’s a bit childish of them.

B

2 kind to

3 angry with

4 excited about

5 impressed by / impressed with

6 bored with (bored by is also possible)

7 amazed at / amazed by

8 careless of

C

2 of

3 to

4 with

5 with (by or in are also possible)

6 to

7 at/by

8 with

9 about

10 about

11 for

12 about/by/at

13 to

14 of

15 by/with

16 with

17 about

18 at/by

19 for/about

20 at/by

21 of

22 to

23 about

24 furious with us for making

D

2 proud of

3 ashamed of

4 typical of

5 capable of

6 scared of

7 aware of

8 envious of

E

Example answers:

2 I’m hopeless at telling jokes.

3 I’m not very good at maths.

4 I’m pretty good at remembering names.

5 I’m good at making decisions.

F

2 similar to

3 afraid of

4 interested in

5 responsible for

6 proud of

7 different from / different to (different than is also correct)

8 capable of

G

2 of furniture

3 on sport

4 of time

5 at her job

6 to a doctor

7 of him / of Robert

8 from yours / from your problem or to yours / to your problem (different than is also correct)

H

2 for

3 of

4 in

5 of

6 on

7 of

8 with

9 on

10 of

 

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