Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 106: Giới từ đi với tính từ – Học Hay
Trong tiếng anh, người ta thường sử dụng tính từ đi kèm với giới từ nhất định (preposition with adjective). Không có 1 khuôn mẫu hay công thức nào cho các giới từ với tính từ, bạn phải học thuộc chúng.
Bảng giới từ theo sau tính từ trong tiếng anh:
Tính từ + giới từ | Nghĩa |
OF | |
Ashamed of | xấu hổ về… |
Afraid of | sợ, e ngại… |
Ahead of | trước |
Aware of | nhận thức |
Capable of | có khả năng về |
Confident of | tự tin về |
Doublful of | nghi ngờ về |
Fond of | Thích |
Full of | đầy, nhiều |
Hopeful of | hy vọng vào |
Independent of | không phụ thuộc vào |
Nervous of | lo lắng về |
Proud of | tự hào về |
Jealous of | ganh tỵ với |
Guilty of | phạm tội về |
Sick of | chán nản về |
Scare of | sợ hãi |
Suspicious of | nghi ngờ về |
Joyful of | vui mừng về |
Quick of | nhanh làm (1 hành động gì đó) |
Tired of | mệt mỏi về |
Terrified of | khiếp sợ về |
TO | |
Able to | có thể |
Acceptable to | có thể chấp nhận đối với |
Accustomed to | quen với |
Agreeable to | đồng ý với |
Addicted to | nghiện |
Available to somebody | Có sẵn cho ai |
delightful to somebody | thú vị đối với ai |
Familiar to somebody | quen thuộc đối với ai |
Clear to | rõ ràng đối với ai |
Contrary to | đối lập với |
Equal to | tương đương với |
Exposed to | phơi bày, để lộ với |
Favorable to | thuận lợi với |
Grateful to somebody | biết ơn ai |
Harmful to somebody (for sth) | có hại cho ai (cho cái gì) |
Important to | quan trọng đối với |
Identical to somebody | giống hệt ai đó |
Kind to | tử tế với |
Likely to | có thể |
Lucky to | may mắn để |
Liable to | có khả năng bị |
Necessary to sth/somebody | cần thiết cho việc gì / cho ai |
Next to | kế bên |
Open to | cởi mở |
Pleasant to | cái gì dễ chịu đối với |
Preferable to | cái gì đươc yêu thích hơn với |
Profitable to | cái gì có lợi với |
Responsible to somebody | có trách nhiệm với ai |
Responsible to somebody for something | chịu trách nhiệm với ai vì cái gì |
Rude to | thô lỗ, cộc cằn với |
Similar to | giống, tương tự |
Useful to somebody | có ích cho ai |
Willing to | sẵn lòng để làm |
FOR | |
Available for sth/sb | có sẵn (cái gì) cho cái gì đó/ai đó |
Anxious for, about | lo lắng cho, lo lắng về |
Bad for | xấu cho |
Good for | tốt cho |
Convenient for | thuận lợi cho |
Difficult for | Khó cho |
Late for | trễ cho |
Liable for sth | chịu trách nhiệm về pháp lý đối với cái gì đó |
Dangerous for | nguy hiểm cho |
Famous for | nổi tiếng cho |
Fit for | thích hợp với |
Well-known for | nổi tiếng vì |
Greedy for | tham lam |
Good for | tốt cho |
Grateful for sth | biết ơn về việc |
Helpful / useful for | có ích / có lợi cho |
Necessary for | cần thiết cho |
Perfect for | hoàn hảo cho |
Prepare for | chuẩn bị cho |
Qualified for | có phẩm chất cho |
Ready for sth | sẵn sàng cho việc gì |
Responsible for sth | có trách nhiệm về việc gì |
Suitable for | thích hợp cho |
Sorry for | lấy làm tiếc cho |
IN | |
Deficient in something | thiếu hụt cái gì |
Fortunate in something | may mắn trong cái gì |
Weak in something | yếu cái gì |
Engaged in something | tham gia vào cái gì đó |
Experienced in something | có kinh nghiệm về cái gì |
Interested in something /doing something | quan tâm cái gì /việc gì |
ABOUT | |
Sorry about something | lấy làm tiếc, về cái gì |
Curious about something | tò mò về cái gì |
Doubtful about something | hoài nghi về cái gì |
Enthusiastic about something | hào hứng về cái gì |
Reluctant about something (or to) something | ngần ngại, về cái gì / làm gì |
Uneasy about something | không thoải mái về cái gì |
Confused about | bối rối về |
Excited about | hào hứng về |
Anxious about | lo lắng về |
WITH | |
Angry with somebody | giận dỗi ai |
Busy with something | bận với cái gì |
Consistent with something | kiên trì với cái gì |
Content with something | bằnglòng với cái gì |
Familiar (to/with) something | Quen thuộc với cái gì/đối với cái gì |
Crowded with | đầy cái gì đó |
Patient with something | kiên trì với cái gì |
Impressed with/by | có ấn tượng với/bởi |
Popular with | phổ biến quen thuộc với |
Satisfied with | thoả mãn với |
Annoyed with somebody | khó chịu với ai |
Furious with somebody | phẫn nộ với ai |
ON | |
Dependent on something/somebody | lệ thuộc vào cái gì /vào ai |
Intent on something | quyết tâm làm cái gì |
Keen on something | yêu thích cái gì |
AT | |
Good at | giỏi về |
Bad at | tệ về |
Clever at | giỏivề |
Quick at | nhanh về cái gì |
Excellent at | xuất sắc về |
Skillful at | có kỹ năng về |
Annoyed at/about something | khó chịu về điều gì |
Surprised at | ngạc nhiên về |
Shocked at | sửng sốt về |
Amazed at | kinh ngạc về |
Present at | hiện diện tại |
Clumsy at | vụng về về |
Angry at/ about something | tức giận về điều gì |
Trên đây là 1 số giới từ với tính từ thông dụng. Bạn có thể ghi nhớ chúng thông qua các ví dụ và bài tập.
- I'm bad at math. (Tôi rất dở toán)
- She is responsible for the accident.
(Cô ta là người chịu trách nhiệm cho vụ tai nạn) - They are keen on reading. (Họ yêu thích đọc sách)
- The scholarship is very important to him.
(Học bổng rất quan trọng với cậu ấy) - Are you afraid of them?
(Cậu lo ngại về bọn nó sao?)
Bài tập Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 106: Giới từ đi với tính từ – Học Hay
A Complete the sentences using nice of …, kind of … etc.
Tom offered to drive me to the airport. 2 I needed money and Lisa gave me some. 3 They didn’t invite us to their party. 4 Can I help you with your luggage? 5 Kevin never says ‘thank you’. 6 They’ve had an argument and now they refuse to speak to each other |
(nice) That was nice of him. (generous) That …………………her. (not very nice) That wasn’t…………… (very kind) That’s…………… (not very polite) That isn’t…………… (a bit childish) That’s a bit…………… |
B Complete the sentences using an adjective + preposition. Choose from:
amazed angry bored careless excited impressed kind nervous |
1 Are you nervous about the exam?
2 Thank you for all you’ve done. You’ve been very ……………me.
3 What have I done wrong? Why are you…………… me?
4 You must be very…………… your trip next week. It sounds really great.
5 I wasn’t ……………the service in the restaurant. We had to wait ages.
6 Ben isn’t very happy at college. He says he’s…………… the course he’s doing.
7 I’d never seen so many people before. I was…………… the crowds.
8 It was ……………you to leave the car unlocked while you were shopping.
C Put in the correct preposition.
1 They were delighted with the present I gave them.
2 It was nice ……………you to come and see me when I was ill.
3 Why are you always so rude…………… people? Why can’t you be more polite?
4 We always have the same food every day. I’m fed up…………… it.
5 We had a good holiday, but we were disappointed…………… the hotel.
6 I can’t understand people who are cruel ……………animals.
7 I was surprised…………… the way he behaved. It was completely out of character.
8 I’ve been trying to learn Japanese, but I’m not very satisfied ……………my progress.
9 Tanya doesn’t look very well. I’m worried ……………her.
10 I’m sorry ……………yesterday. I completely forgot we’d arranged to meet.
11 There’s no point in feeling sorry ……………yourself. It won’t help you.
12 Are you still upset ……………what I said to you yesterday?
13 Some people say Kate is unfriendly, but she’s always been very nice ……………me.
14 I’m tired ……………doing the same thing every day. I need a change.
15 We interviewed ten people for the job, and we weren’t impressed ……………any of them.
16 Vicky is annoyed ……………me because I didn’t agree with her.
17 I’m sorry ……………the smell in this room. I’ve just finished painting it.
18 I was shocked ……………what I saw. I’d never seen anything like it before.
19 Jack is sorry ……………what he did. He won’t do it again.
20 The hotel was incredibly expensive. I was amazed…………… the price of a room.
21 Paul made the wrong decision. It was honest ……………him to admit it.
22 You’ve been very generous ……………me. You’ve helped me a lot.
23 Our neighbours were very angry…………… the noise we made.
24 Our neighbours were furious ……………us…………… making so much noise.
D Complete the sentences using an adjective + of. Choose from:
ashamed aware capable envious proud scared short typical
|
1 I’m a bit short of money. Can you lend me some?
2 My children have done very well. I’m ……………..them.
3 What I did was very bad. I’m………… myself.
4 She always behaves like that. It’s………… her.
5 He wouldn’t be able to run his own business. He’s not …………it.
6 I don’t like going up ladders. I’m …………heights.
7 Nobody told me she was ill. I wasn’t …………it.
8 I wish I had what Sarah has. I’m …………her.
E Write sentences about yourself. Are you good at these things or not? You can use:
good pretty good not very good hopeless |
1 (repairing things) I’m not very good at repairing things.
2 (telling jokes)
3 (maths)
4 (remembering names)
5 (making decisions)
F Complete the sentences using an adjective + preposition. Choose from:
afraid capable different interested proud responsible similar sure |
1 I think she’s arriving this evening, but I’m not sure of that.
2 Your camera is………… mine, but it isn’t exactly the same.
3 Don’t worry. I’ll look after you. There’s nothing to be………… .
4 I never watch the news on TV. I’m not …………the news.
5 The editor is the person who is …………what appears in a newspaper.
6 Sarah is a keen gardener and is very …………her garden.
7 I was surprised when I first met Tina. She was …………what I expected.
8 Ben could become world champion one day. He’s …………it.
G Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
1 There were lots of tourists in the streets. => The streets were crowded with tourists .
2 There was a lot of furniture in the room. => The room was full………… .
3 I don’t like sport very much. => I’m not very keen………… .
4 We don’t have enough time. => We’re short………… .
5 Helen does her job very well. => Helen is very good ………….
6 Steven’s wife is a doctor. => Steven is married ………….
7 I don’t trust Robert. => I’m suspicious………… .
8 My problem is not the same as yours. => My problem is different ………….
H Put in the correct preposition.
1 Amy is always full of energy.
2 My home town is not a very interesting place. It’s not famous………… anything.
3 Kate is very fond………… her younger brother.
4 You look bored. You don’t seem interested …………what I’m saying.
5 ‘Our flight departs at 10.35.’ ‘Are you sure …………that?’
6 I wanted to go out for a meal, but nobody else was keen …………the idea.
7 These days everybody is aware………… the dangers of smoking.
8 The station platform was crowded …………people waiting for the train.
9 Mark has no money of his own. He’s completely dependent………… his parents.
10 We’re short………… staff in our office right now. We need more people to do the work.
Đáp án
A
2 That was generous of her.
3 That wasn’t very nice of them.
4 That’s very kind of you.
5 That isn’t very polite of him.
6 That’s a bit childish of them.
B
2 kind to
3 angry with
4 excited about
5 impressed by / impressed with
6 bored with (bored by is also possible)
7 amazed at / amazed by
8 careless of
C
2 of
3 to
4 with
5 with (by or in are also possible)
6 to
7 at/by
8 with
9 about
10 about
11 for
12 about/by/at
13 to
14 of
15 by/with
16 with
17 about
18 at/by
19 for/about
20 at/by
21 of
22 to
23 about
24 furious with us for making
D
2 proud of
3 ashamed of
4 typical of
5 capable of
6 scared of
7 aware of
8 envious of
E
Example answers:
2 I’m hopeless at telling jokes.
3 I’m not very good at maths.
4 I’m pretty good at remembering names.
5 I’m good at making decisions.
F
2 similar to
3 afraid of
4 interested in
5 responsible for
6 proud of
7 different from / different to (different than is also correct)
8 capable of
G
2 of furniture
3 on sport
4 of time
5 at her job
6 to a doctor
7 of him / of Robert
8 from yours / from your problem or to yours / to your problem (different than is also correct)
H
2 for
3 of
4 in
5 of
6 on
7 of
8 with
9 on
10 of
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