Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 26: Could (do) & could have (done) – Học Hay

1. Could

Could là dạng động từ khiếm khuyết. Công dụng:

- Could là thì quá khứ của can, nói về khả năng (ability).

- Could được dùng để thể hiện điều gì đó trong hiện tại và tương lai (không chắc chắn)

- Could còn được dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 2, câu tường thuật.

- Could mang tính lịch sự hơn can trong câu đề nghị, xin phép

- Could có thể dùng để nói về 1 sự việc diễn ra trong quá khứ với các động từ chỉ giác quan (see, hear, smell, taste, touch…) và các động từ chỉ trí óc (believe, remember, forget, understand, think…) 

- Cụm How could + đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ được dùng để thể hiện sự không đồng tình, không thích việc mà người khác làm.

 

Xem thêm Unit 25

 

2. Could have V3

Could have + V3 là dạng động từ khuyết thiếu + thể hoàn thành, dùng để diễn tả các phỏng đoán, suy luận, giả định trong quá khứ (posibility)

could + have + V3-ed: "có thể là …": diễn tả sự suy đoán về việc nào đó nhưng không chắc chắn (70%)

• They could have lent me some money, but they didn't.
  (Nhẽ ra họ có thể cho tôi mượn tiền, nhưng họ không cho)

A Which goes with which?

1 What shall we eat tonight? 2 I need to phone Vicky sometime. 3 What shall I get Ann for her birthday? 4 Where shall we put this picture? 5 What would you like to do at the weekend? 6 I don’t know what to wear to the wedding

a We could go away somewhere. b You could give her a book. c We could have fish. d You could wear your brown suit. e You could do it now. f We could hang it in the kitchen.

 

B Put in can or could.

1 This is a wonderful place. I could stay here forever.

2 I’m so angry with him. I ………….kill him!

3 I ………….hear a strange noise. What is it?

4 It’s so nice here. I ………….sit here all day but unfortunately I have to go.

5 I …………….understand your point of view, but I don’t agree with you.

6 Peter is a keen musician. He plays the flute and he …………….also play the piano.

7 The company Amy works for isn’t doing well. She …………….lose her job.

8 Some people are unlucky. Life …………….be very unfair.

9 I’ve been really stupid. I …………….kick myself.

10 Be careful climbing that tree. You …………….fall.

C Complete the sentences. Choose from:

gone      could be               could come         could sleep have moved       could have          could have come              could have been

 

1 A: Are you tired?

B: Yes, very tired. I feel as if I could sleep for a week.

2 A: I spent a very boring evening at home yesterday.

B: Why did you stay at home? You …………………out with us.

3 A: Shall I open this letter?

B: Yes. It …………………important.

4 A: How was your exam? Was it difficult?

B: It wasn’t so bad. It …………………worse.

5 A: I got very wet walking home in the rain.

B: Why did you walk? You …………………taken a taxi.

6 A: Where shall we meet tomorrow?

B: Well, I …………………to your office if you like.

7 A: Does Tom still live in the same place?

B: I’m not sure. He could………………… .

8 A: Did you go to university?

B: No. I could have …………………, but I didn’t want to.

D Complete the sentences. Use couldn’t or couldn’t have + these verbs (in the correct form):

afford   be           be          live         manage                                stand     study     wear

 

1 I couldn’t live in a big city. I’d hate it.

2 We had a really good holiday. It couldn’t have been better.

3 I ………………..that hat. People would laugh at me.

4 You helped me a lot. I ………………..without you.

5 The staff at the hotel were really good. They ……………..more helpful.

6 There’s no way we could buy a car now. We ……………..it.

7 Jack prepared for the exam as well as he could. He ……………..harder.

8 I wouldn’t like to live near the motorway. I ……………..the noise of the traffic.

A

1 c

2 e

3 b

4 f

5 a

6 d

B

2 could

3 can

4 could

5 can

6 can

7 could

8 can

9 could

10 could

C

2 could have come

3 could be

4 could have been

5 could have

6 could come

7 have moved

8 gone

D

3 couldn’t wear

4 couldn’t have managed

5 couldn’t have been

6 couldn’t afford (or couldn’t manage)

7 couldn’t have studied

8 couldn’t stand

 

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