Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 52: Prefer & would rather – Học Hay

WOULD RATHER

Would rather (có nghĩa là thích hơn hoặc mong muốn rằng) được dùng để diễn đạt ý nghĩa thích một cái, một vật gì đó hơn. Có nhiều công thức would rather khác nhau.

1. Câu có cùng một chủ ngữ

a. Dùng ở tương lai hoặc hiện tại

S + would rather (not) + V(bare) … than… 

Ví dụ:

• I would rather stay at home than go out in this awful weather.
  (Tôi nên ở nhà chứ không nên ra ngoài vào cái thời tiết mắc dịch này)

• I’d rather not go today.
  (Em không nên đi today)

 

b. Dùng trong quá khứ

S + would rather (not) + have + V3/-ed … than …

Ví dụ:

• John would rather have gone to class yesterday than today.
  (Hôm qua thằng John nên đi học chứ hôm nay lên thì làm được gì nữa)

• I would rather have seen it on TV. (I didn’t see it on TV)
  (Tôi thích coi nó trên TV hơn)

 

2. Câu có hai chủ ngữ

a. Ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

S + would rather (that) + S + V2/-ed

Ví dụ:

• It’s raining, so I would rather that you stayed here for some time.
  (Trời đang mưa, nên mẹ muốn con ở nhà một lúc)

• I would rather you stopped complaint about that machine.
  (Tao muốn mày bớt phàn nàn về cái máy đó đi)

 

- Với câu phủ định trong cấu trúc would rather khác chủ ngữ, yếu tố phủ định không chia tại would rather mà được đặt trong mệnh đề.

• Ví dụ:  She’d rather you didn’t phone after 10 o’clock. (Cô ấy muốn bạn đừng gọi sau 10 giờ.)
  
  NOT: She wouldn’t rather you phoned after 10 o’clock.

 

b. Ở quá khứ:

S + would rather (that) + S + had + V3/-ed

Ví dụ:

• My grandma would rather (that) I had met him at the airport yesterday. (But I didn’t come)
  (Bà tôi muốn tôi gặp anh ta ở sân bay ngày hôm qua - Nhưng tôi không có tới)

• I would rather (that) my sister had finished her homework before going out. (But she still went out without finishing them)
  (Tôi muốn em gái tôi làm xong bài tập trước khi nó ra khỏi nhà - vậy mà nó làm chưa xong vẫn trốn đi chơi)

 

Lưu ý: Ta có thể dùng much chung với would rather để nhấn mạnh.

• Ví dụ: She’d much rather they didn’t know the truth.

PREFER

1. prefer to and prefer V-ing

 

a. Cách dùng

Prefer có nghĩa là thích hơn. Khi nói chung chung rằng thích cái gì hơn, ta có thể dùng prefer to … hoặc prefer -ing:

• I don’t like cities. I prefer to live in the country.
• or I prefer living in the country.

b. Cấu trúc của prefer

• prefer something to something (st)
• prefer doing st to doing st
• prefer doing st rather than (doing) st
• prefer to do st rather than (do) st

Ví dụ:

• I prefer this coat to the other one.
• I prefer driving to travelling by train. or
• I prefer driving rather than travelling by train.
• I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.
• Sarah prefers to live in the country rather than in a city.

2. would prefer (I'd prefer)

a. Cách dùng:

Ta dùng would prefer điều mà một ai đó muốn trong một tình huống cụ thể:

• ‘Would you prefer tea or coffee?’ ‘Coffee, please.’

b. Cấu trúc:

would prefer + to V

• ‘Shall we go by train?’ ‘I’d prefer to drive.’ (= I would prefer …)
• I’d prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go to the cinema.

A Which do you prefer? Write sentences using ‘I prefer (something) to (something else)’.

1 (driving / travelling by train) => I prefer driving to travelling by train.

2 (basketball / football)

3 (going to the cinema / watching movies at home)

4 (being very busy / having nothing to do)

Now rewrite sentences 3 and 4 using rather than:

5 (1) I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.

or I prefer driving rather than travelling by train.

6 (3) I prefer……………………

7 (4)……………………

B Complete the sentences. Sometimes you need one word, sometimes more.

A	B
1 Shall we walk home? 2 Do you want to eat now? 3 Would you like to watch TV? 4 Do you want to go to a restaurant? 5 Let’s go now. wait a few minutes. 6 What about a game of tennis? 7 I think we should decide now. 8 Would you like to sit down? 9 Do you want me to come with you?	I’d rather get a taxi. I’d prefer to wait till later. I’d ……………to listen to some music. I’d rather…………… at home. …………… wait a few minutes. I’d prefer ……………for a swim. I’d ……………think about it for a while. ……………to stand. I’d rather…………… alone.

Now use the same ideas to complete these sentences using than and rather than.

10 (1) I’d rather get a taxi than wait for a bus.

11 (3) I’d rather ……………some music……………

12 (4) I’d prefer ……………at home……………

13 (6) I’d rather…………… for a swim……………

14 (7) I’d prefer…………… about it for a while……………

C Complete the sentences using would you rather I … .

1 Are you going to make dinner or would you rather I made it ?

2 Are you going to pay the bill or would you rather…………… ?

3 Are you going to do the shopping or…………… ?

4 Are you going to phone Tina or…………… ?

D Use your own ideas (one or two words) to complete these sentences.

1 ‘Shall I tell Anna what happened?’ ‘No, I’d rather she didn’t know.’

2 You can stay here if you want to, but I’d rather you……………with us.

3 I don’t like this programme. I’d rather not…………… it.

4 I’d rather work outdoors ……………work in an office.

5 This is a private matter. I’d rather you ……………tell anybody else.

6 The weather here isn’t bad, but I’d rather ……………it a little warmer.

7 I don’t want to go to the match. I’d prefer ……………it on TV.

8 ‘Do you mind if I open the window?’ ‘I’d rather you…………… . I’m feeling cold.’

9 I hate doing the shopping. I’d rather somebody else ……………it.

10 I’d prefer to go to the beach…………… go shopping

A

Example answers:

2 I prefer basketball to football.

3 I prefer going to the cinema to watching movies at home.

4 I prefer being very busy to having nothing to do.

6 I prefer to go to the cinema rather than watch movies at home. or I prefer going to the cinema rather than watching movies at home.

7 I prefer to be very busy rather than have nothing to do. or I prefer being very busy to having nothing to do.

B

3 prefer

4 eat / stay

5 I’d rather (wait) / I’d prefer to (wait)

6 to go

7 (I’d) rather (think) / (I’d) prefer to (think)

8 I’d prefer

9 go

11 I’d rather listen to some music than watch TV.

12 I’d prefer to eat/stay at home rather than go to a restaurant.

13 I’d rather go for a swim than play tennis. or … than have a game of tennis.

14 I’d prefer to think about it for a while rather than decide now.

C

2 (would you rather) I paid it

3 would you rather I did it

4 would you rather I phoned her

D

2 came

3 watch

4 than

5 didn’t

6 was

7 to watch

8 didn’t

9 did

10 rather than

 

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