Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 53: Giới từ (in/for/about) + V-ing – Học Hay

A.

- Động từ theo sau một giới từ (in/for/about etc.) sẽ ở dạng V-ing

	preposition	verb (-ing)
Are you interested I’m not good Kate must be fed up What are the advantages Thanks very much How Why don’t you go out Amy went to work	in at with of for about instead of in spite of	working learning studying. having inviting meeting sitting feeling	for us? languages.   a car? me to your party. for lunch tomorrow? at home all the time? ill.

 

- Ta cũng có thể dùng ‘instead of somebody doing something’, ‘fed up with people doing something’ etc.

I’m fed up with people telling me what to do.

B

- before -ing, after -ing:

• Before going out, I phoned Sarah. (not Before to go out)
• What did you do after leaving school?

Ta cũng có thể nói ‘Before I went out …’ and ‘… after you left school’.

- by -ing (cách thức một việc diễn ra):

• You can improve your English by reading more.
• She made herself ill by not eating properly.
• Many accidents are caused by people driving too fast.
• The burglars got into the house by breaking a window and climbing in.

- without -ing:

• We ran ten kilometres without stopping.
• It was a stupid thing to say. I said it without thinking.
• She needs to work without people disturbing her. or … without being disturbed.
• I have enough problems of my own without having to worry about yours.

C.

- to + -ing (look forward to doing something etc.)

Ta thường dùng to + infinitive (to do / to see etc.):

• We decided to travel by train.
• Would you like to meet for lunch tomorrow?

Nhưng to cũng là giới từ (như in/for/about/with etc.), nên động từ sau giới từ to phải ở dạng V-ing

• We went from Paris to Geneva.
• Are you looking forward to the weekend?
• I prefer driving to travelling by train. (not to travel)
• Are you looking forward to going on holiday? (not looking forward to go)

A Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.

1 Why is it useful to have a car?

What are the advantages of having a car ?

2 I don’t intend to apply for the job.

I have no intention of……………………. .

3 Helen has a good memory for names.

Helen is good at………………… .

4 You probably won’t win the lottery. You have little chance.

You have little chance of………………… .

5 Did you get into trouble because you were late?

Did you get into trouble for …………………?

6 We didn’t eat at home. We went to a restaurant instead.

We went to a restaurant instead of………………… .

7 We got into the exhibition. We didn’t have to queue.

We got into the exhibition without………………… .

8 Amy is 90 years old, but she’s fit and healthy.

Amy is fit and healthy despite………………… .

B Complete the sentences using by -ing. Choose from these verbs:

borrow                                 break    drive      press     put         stand

 

1 The burglars got into the house by breaking a window.

2 I was able to reach the top shelf …………………on a chair.

3 You turn on the computer …………………the button at the back.

4 Kevin got himself into financial trouble …………………too much money.

5 You can put people’s lives in danger …………………too fast.

6 We made the room look nicer …………………some pictures on the walls.

C Complete the sentences with a suitable word. Use only one word each time.

1 We ran ten kilometres without stopping.

2 Dan left the hotel without …………………his bill.

3 It’s a nice morning. How about …………………for a walk?

4 You need to think carefully before …………………an important decision.

5 It was a long trip. We were tired after …………………on a train for 36 hours.

6 I’m not looking forward to away. I’d prefer to………………… stay here.

7 I was annoyed because the decision was made without anybody …………………me.

8 After …………………the same job for ten years, Ellie felt she needed a change.

9 We got lost because we went straight on instead of………………… left.

10 I like these pictures you took. You’re good at …………………pictures.

11 Can you touch your toes without …………………your knees?

12 We’ve decided to sell our car. Are you interested in …………………it?

D For each situation, write a sentence with I’m (not) looking forward to.

1 You are going on holiday next week. How do you feel?

I’m looking forward to going on holiday.

2 A good friend of yours is coming to visit you soon. It will be good to see her again. How do you feel?

I’m…………………

3 You’re going to the dentist tomorrow. You don’t enjoy visits to the dentist. How do you feel?

I’m not…………………

4 Rachel doesn’t like school, but she’s leaving next summer. How does she feel?

…………………

5 Joe and Helen are moving to a new apartment soon. It’s much nicer than where they live now.

How do they feel? …………………

A

2 applying for the job

3 remembering names

4 winning the lottery

5 being late

6 eating at home

7 having to queue or (without) queuing

8 being 90 years old

B

2 by standing

3 by pressing

4 by borrowing

5 by driving

6 by putting

C

2 paying/settling

3 going

4 making

5 being/travelling/sitting

6 going

7 asking/telling/consulting/informing

8 doing/having

9 turning/going

10 taking

11 bending

12 buying

D

2 I’m looking forward to seeing her (again).

3 I’m not looking forward to going to the dentist (tomorrow).

4 She’s looking forward to leaving school (next summer).

5 They’re looking forward to moving (to their new apartment).

 

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