Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 9: Hiện tại hoàn thành và hoàn thành tiếp diễn – Học Hay

Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (present perfect and present perfect continuous): 2 thì này rất dễ bị nhầm lẫn với nhau.

- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (hthttd) nhấn mạnh vào hành động và hành động đó vẫn còn tiếp diễn. Hiện tại hoàn thành (present perfect simple) nhấn mạnh vào kết quả, hành động đã kết thúc nhưng kết quả vẫn ở hiện tại.

Ví dụ:

• I've been reading Twilight novel this summer. → hành động còn tiếp tục
• I've written a novel this summer. → hành động đã kết thúc

- Htht chỉ ra sự hoàn thành, hoàn tất trong khi hthttd chỉ ra sự chưa hoàn thành.

Ví dụ:

• I've read the Twilight novel you gave me. → đã đọc xong
• I've been reading the Twilight novel you gave me. → chưa đọc xong

- Hiện tại hoàn thành nhấn mạnh vào kết quả và thời gian để hoàn thành kết quả đó. hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh vào thời gian hành động đó xảy ra, và hành động đó vẫn đang tiếp tục xảy ra.

Ví dụ:

• She has studied for 3 hours.
• She has been studying for 3 hours.

- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành có thể được dùng để nói về thời gian mang tính chất mãi mãi, lâu dài; còn thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn được dùng để nói đến sự việc mang tính chất tạm thời.

• They've worked here for 40 years.
• They usually work in HCM city but they've been working in Ha Noi for the last 30 days.

A. Read the situation and complete the sentences. Use the verbs in brackets.

1 Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53.

………………………….. for two hours. (read)

……………………….. 53 pages so far. (read)

2 Rachel is from Australia. She is travelling round Europe. She began her trip three months ago.

She ………………………..for three months. (travel)

………………………..six countries so far. (visit)

3 Patrick is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was 10 years old. This year he won the national championship again – for the fourth time.

……………………………the national championship four times. (win)

……………………………since he was ten. (play)

4 When they left college, Lisa and Sue started making films together. They still make films.

They ……………………………films since they left college. (make)

……………………………five films since they left college. (make)

B Ask questions using the words in brackets. Use the present perfect simple (have/has done) or continuous (have/has been doing).

1 You have a friend who is learning Arabic. You ask:

(how long / learn / Arabic?) ……………………………………..

2 You have just arrived to meet a friend. She is waiting for you. You ask:

(wait / long?) Have…………………………………..

3 You see somebody fishing by the river. You ask:

(catch / any fish?)…………………………………..

4 Some friends of yours are having a party next week. You ask:

(how many people / invite?)…………………………………..

5 A friend of yours is a teacher. You ask:

(how long / teach?)…………………………………..

6 You meet somebody who is a writer. You ask:

(how many books / write?)…………………………………..

(how long / write / books?)…………………………………..

7 A friend of yours is saving money to go on a world trip. You ask:

(how long / save?)…………………………………..

(how much money / save?)…………………………………..

C Put the verb into the present perfect simple or continuous.

1 Where have you been? ………………………………….. (you / play) tennis?

2 Look! …………………………………..(somebody / break) that window.

3 You look tired. …………………………………..(you / work) hard?

4 ‘ …………………………………..(you / ever / work) in a factory?’ ‘No, never.’

5 Where’s Lisa? Where …………………………………..(she / go)?

6 This is a very old book. …………………………………..(I / have) it since I was a child.

7 ‘Have you been busy?’ ‘No, …………………………………..(I / watch) TV.’

8 My brother is an actor. …………………………………..(he / appear) in several films.

9 ‘Sorry I’m late.’ ‘That’s all right. …………………………………..(I / not / wait) long.’

10 Are you OK? You look as if …………………………………..(you / cry).

11 ‘Is it still raining?’ ‘No, …………………………………..(it / stop).’

12 The children are tired now. …………………………………..(they / play) in the garden.

13 …………………………………..(I / lose) my phone. …………………………………..(you / see) it?

14 …………………………………..(I / read) the book you lent me, but

…………………………………..(I / not / finish) it yet. It’s really interesting.

15 …………………………………..(I / read) the book you lent me, so you can have it back now

A

1. He has been reading /He has read

2 She’s been travelling / She has been travelling …

She’s visited / She has visited …

3 He’s won / He has won …

He’s been playing tennis / He has been playing …

4 They’ve been making / They have been making …

They’ve made / They have made …

B

1. How long have you been learning Arabic?

2 Have you been waiting long?

3 Have you caught any fish?

4 How many people have you invited?

5 How long have you been teaching?

6 How many books have you written?

How long have you been writing books?

7 How long have you been saving (money)?

How much money have you saved?

C

1. Have you been playing

2 Somebody’s broken /

Somebody has broken

3 Have you been working

4 Have you ever worked

5 has she gone

6 I’ve had / I have had

7 I’ve been watching / I have been watching

8 He’s appeared / He has appeared

9 I haven’t been waiting

10 you’ve been crying / you have been crying

11 it’s stopped / it has stopped

12 They’ve been playing / They have been playing

13 I’ve lost / I have lost … Have you seen

14 I’ve been reading / I have been reading … I haven’t finished

15 I’ve read / I have read

 

  #hochay #hoctienganh #hocanhvanonline #luyenthitienganh #hocgioitienganh #apphoctienganh #webhoctienganh #detienganhonline #nguphaptienganh #luyenthitoeic #etsTOEIC