Sách Ngữ pháp tiếng anh luyện thi TOEIC – Unit 79: Mệnh đề quan hệ (tiếp theo) – Học Hay

A You met these people at a party:

The next day you tell a friend about these people. Complete the sentences using who or whose.

1 I met somebody whose mother writes detective stories .

2 I met a man……………………. .

3 I met a woman………………… .

4 I met somebody………………… .

5 I met a couple………………… .

6 I met somebody………………… .

B For each situation write a sentence with whom (more formal) and without whom (less formal).

1 You met a friend. You hadn’t seen him for years.

more formal I met a friend whom I hadn’t seen for years .

less formal I met a friend I hadn’t seen for years .

2 You needed a lawyer. A friend of yours recommended one.

more formal I went to see a lawyer………………… .

less formal I went to see a lawye…………………r .

3 You called your bank with a problem. You spoke to somebody, but he wasn’t very helpful.

more formal The person …………………wasn’t very helpful.

less formal The person………………… .

4 Tom was in love with a woman, but she wasn’t in love with Tom.

more formal The woman …………………wasn’t in love with him.

less formal The woman …………………wasn’t in love with him.

C Complete the sentences using who/whom/whose/where.

1 We helped some people whose car had broken down.

2 A cemetery is a place …………………people are buried.

3 A pacifist is a person …………………believes that all wars are wrong.

4 An orphan is a child …………………parents are dead.

5 What’s the name of the hotel …………………your parents are staying?

6 This school is only for children …………………first language is not English.

7 The person from …………………I bought my car is a friend of my father’s.

8 I live in a friendly village………………… everybody knows everybody else.

D Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.

1 I can’t meet you on Friday. That’s the day I’m going away .

2 The reason …………………was that the salary was too low.

3 I’ll never forget the time………………… .

4 …………………was the year………………… .

5 The reason …………………is that neither of them can drive.

6 The last time I …………………was………………… .

7 Do you remember the day …………………?

 

E Make one sentence from two. Use the information in brackets to make a relative clause (Type 2).

You will need to use who/whom/whose/which/where.

1 Catherine is very friendly. (She lives next door to us.)

Catherine, who lives next door to us, is very friendly.

2 We stayed at the Park Hotel. (A friend of ours recommended this hotel.)

We stayed at the Park Hotel, which a friend of ours recommended.

3 We drove to the airport. (The airport was not far from the city.)

We drove to the airport,…………………

4 Kate’s husband is an airline pilot. (I have never met Kate’s husband.)

Kate’s ………………pilot.

5 Lisa is away from home a lot. (Lisa’s job involves a lot of travelling.)

Lisa………………

6 Paul and Emily have a daughter, Alice. (Alice has just started school.)

Paul and Emily have………………

7 The new stadium will hold 90,000 spectators. (The stadium will be finished next month.)

8 My brother lives in Alaska. (Alaska is the largest state in the US.)

9 Our teacher was very kind. (I have forgotten her name.)

10 We enjoyed our visit to the museum. (We saw a lot of interesting things in the museum.)

F Read the information and complete the sentences. Use a relative clause of Type 1 or Type 2. Use commas where necessary.

1 My brother is an architect. (He lives in Hong Kong.)

My brother, who lives in Hong Kong, is an architect.

2 The strike at the factory has now ended. (The strike began ten days ago.)

The strike at the factory………………

3 I was looking for a book this morning. (I’ve found it now.)

I’ve found………………

4 I’ve had my car for 15 years. (This car has never broken down.)

My car………………

5 A lot of people applied for the job. (Few of them had the necessary qualifications.)

Few of………………

6 Amy showed me a picture of her son. (Her son is a police officer.)

Amy showed me………………

G Are these sentences OK? Correct them (and put in commas) where necessary. If the sentence is correct, write ‘OK’.

1 Anna told me about her new job that she’s enjoying very much.

Anna told me about her new job, which she’s enjoying very much.

2 My office that is on the second floor is very small.

3 The office that I’m using at the moment is very small.

4 Sarah’s father that used to be in the army now works for a TV company.

5 The doctor that examined me couldn’t find anything wrong.

6 The sun that is one of millions of stars in the universe provides us with heat and light.

 

H Complete the sentences. Use a preposition + whom or which. Choose a preposition from:

after      for         in           of            of            to            with       without

 

1 Fortunately we had a good map, without which we would have got lost.

2 The accident, ……………….two people were injured, happened late last night.

3 I share an office with my boss, ……………I get on really well.

4 The wedding, ……………only family members were invited, was a lovely occasion.

5 Ben showed me his new car, ……………he’s very proud.

6 Sarah showed us a picture of her son, ……………she’s very proud.

7 Laura bought a very nice leather bag, ……………she paid twenty pounds.

8 We had lunch, ……………we went for a long walk.

I Use the information in the first sentence to complete the second one. Use all of / most of etc.

1 All of Helen’s brothers are married.

Helen has three brothers, all of whom are married.

2 Most of the information we were given was useless.

We were given a lot of information, …………….

3 None of the ten people who applied for the job was suitable.

Ten people applied for the job, …………….

4 My neighbours have two cars. They never use one of them.

My neighbours have two cars, …………….

5 James won a lot of money. He gave half of it to his parents.

James won £100,000, …………… .

6 Both of Julia’s sisters are lawyers.

Julia has two sisters, …………….

7 Jane replied to neither of the emails I sent her.

I sent Jane two emails, …………… .

8 I went to a party – I knew only a few of the people there.

There were a lot of people at the party, …………… .

Now use the … of which … .

9 You stayed in a hotel when you were on holiday but you don’t remember the name.

We stayed at a very nice hotel, the name of which I don’t remember .

10 We drove along the road. The sides of the road were lined with trees.

We drove along the road, the…………… .

11 The aim of the company’s new business plan is to save money.

The company has a new business plan, …………….

J Complete the sentences. Choose from the box and use which.

This is good news. This was a shame. She apologised for this This was very kind of her.

This makes it hard to contact her. This means we can’t go away tomorrow. This makes it difficult to sleep sometimes. This meant I had to wait two hours at the airport.

 

1 Laura couldn’t come to the party, which was a shame.

2 The street I live in is noisy at night, ……………

3 Kate let me stay at her house, ……………

4 Jane doesn’t have a phone, ……………

5 Alex passed his exams, ……………

6 My flight was delayed, ……………

7 Our car has broken down, ……………

8 Amy was twenty minutes late, ……………

 

K Make one sentence from two. Complete the sentence using an -ing clause.

1 A bell was ringing. I was woken up by it.

I was woken up by a bell ringing.

2 A taxi was taking us to the airport. It broke down.

The……………….. broke down.

3 There’s a path at the end of this street. The path leads to the river.

At the end of the street there’s……………. .

4 A factory has just opened in the town. It employs 500 people.

…………….has just opened in the town.

5 A man was sitting next to me on the plane. He was asleep most of the time.

The …………….was asleep most of the time.

6 The company sent me a brochure. It contained the information I needed.

The company sent me a……………. .

L Complete the sentence with an -ed clause. Choose from:

damaged in the storm               made at the meeting         injured in the accident involved in the project              stolen from the museum                surrounded by trees

 

1 The boy injured in the accident was taken to hospital.

2 The paintings……………. haven’t been found yet.

3 We’ve repaired the gate……………. .

4 Most of the suggestions …………….were not practical.

5 Our friends live in a beautiful house……………. .

6 Everybody …………….worked very well.

M Complete the sentences. Use the following verbs in the correct form:

blow      call          cause    invite     live         offer      paint      read       ring       sit           study     work

 

1 I was woken up by a bell ringing.

2 George showed me some pictures painted by his father.

3 Some of the people …………….to the party can’t come.

4 Somebody …………….Jack phoned while you were out.

5 Life must be very unpleasant for people……………. near busy airports.

6 A few days after the interview, I received an email …………….me the job.

7 The building was badly damaged in a fire……………. by an electrical fault.

8 Did you see the picture of the trees …………….down in the storm?

9 The waiting room was empty except for an old man …………….in the corner……………. a magazine.

10 Ian has a brother …………….in a bank in London and a sister……………. economics at university in Manchester.

N Use the words in brackets to make sentences with There is / There was etc.

1 That house is empty. (nobody / live / in it) => There’s nobody living in it.

2 The accident wasn’t serious. (nobody / injure) => There was nobody injured.

3 I can hear footsteps. (somebody / come)

4 I’ve spent all the money I had. (nothing / leave)

5 The train was full. (a lot of people / travel)

6 We were the only guests at the hotel. (nobody else / stay there)

7 The piece of paper was blank. (nothing / write / on it)

8 The college offers English courses in the evening. (a course / begin / next Monday)

A

2 whose wife is an English teacher

3 who owns a restaurant

4 whose ambition is to climb Everest

5 who have just got married

6 whose parents used to work in a circus

B

2 more formal I went to see a lawyer whom a friend of mine (had) recommended.

less formal I went to see a lawyer a friend of mine (had) recommended.

3 more formal The person to whom I spoke wasn’t very helpful.

less formal The person I spoke to wasn’t very helpful.

4 more formal The woman with whom Tom was in love wasn’t in love with him.

less formal The woman Tom was in love with wasn’t in love with him.

C

2 where

3 who

4 whose

5 where

6 whose

7 whom

8 where

D

Example answers:

2 The reason I left my job was that the salary was too low.

3 I’ll never forget the time I got stuck in a lift.

4 2009 was the year Amanda got married.

5 The reason they don’t have a car is that neither of them can drive.

6 The last time I saw Sam was about six months ago.

7 Do you remember the day we first met?

E

3 We drove to the airport, which was not far from the city.

4 Kate’s husband, who I’ve never met, is an airline pilot. or … whom I’ve never met …

5 Lisa, whose job involves a lot of travelling, is away from home a lot.

6 Paul and Emily have a daughter, Alice, who has just started school.

7 The new stadium, which will be finished next month, will hold 90,000

spectators.

8 My brother lives in Alaska, which is the largest state in the US.

9 Our teacher, whose name I have forgotten, was very kind.

10 We enjoyed our visit to the museum, where we saw a lot of interesting things.

F

2 The strike at the factory, which began ten days ago, has now ended.

3 I’ve found the book I was looking for this morning. or … the book that/ which I was looking for …

4 My car, which I’ve had for 15 years, has never broken down.

5 Few of the people who/that applied for the job had the necessary

qualifications.

6 Amy showed me a picture of her son, who is a police officer.

G

2 My office, which is on the second floor, is very small.

3 OK

(The office I’m using … and The office which I’m using … are also correct)

4 Sarah’s father, who used to be in the army, now works for a TV company.

5 OK (The doctor who examined me … is also correct)

6 The sun, which is one of millions of stars in the universe, provides us

with heat and light.

H

2 in which

3 with whom

4 to which

5 of which

6 of whom

7 for which

8 after which

I

2 most of which was useless

3 none of whom was suitable

4 one of which they never use

5 half of which he gave to his parents

6 both of whom are lawyers

7 neither of which she replied to

8 only a few of whom I knew

10 sides of which were lined with trees

11 the aim of which is to save money

J

2 which makes it difficult to sleep sometimes.

3 which was very kind of her.

4 which makes it hard to contact her.

5 which is good news.

6 which meant I had to wait two hours at the airport.

7 which means we can’t go away tomorrow.

8 which she apologised for or for which she apologised

K

2 The taxi taking us to the airport

3 a path leading to the river

4 A factory employing 500 people

5 man sitting next to me on the plane

6 brochure containing the information I needed

L

2 stolen from the museum

3 damaged in the storm

4 made at the meeting

5 surrounded by trees

6 involved in the project

M

3 invited

4 called

5 living

6 offering

7 caused

8 blown

9 sitting … reading

10 working … studying

N

3 There’s somebody coming.

4 There’s nothing left.

5 There were a lot of people travelling.

6 There was nobody else staying there.

7 There was nothing written on it.

8 There’s a course beginning next Monday.

 

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