Sách Market Leader Advanced – Unit 5: Employment Trends – Tiếng anh thương mại – Học Hay (Phần 1)

Cùng HocHay học tiếng Anh Market Leader Advanced – Tiếng anh thương mại bạn nhé!

Market Leader Advanced – Unit 5: Employment Trends - Listening

 

A. Listen to eight speakers and decide which of the work patterns below (a-h) each person is talking about. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each for a) employers, and b) employees?

a) seasonal work

b) teleworking

c) casual labour

d) migrant work

e) self-employment

f) shift work

g) fixed-term/temporary contract

h) part-time work

 

Đáp án:

1. g

2. h

3. b

4. f

5. e

6. c

7. a

8. d

 

B. Listen to Ian Brinkley, Director of the Knowledge Economy programme for the Work Foundation, talking about employment trends in the UK. Write a summary of what he says in 50-60 words.

 

Đáp án:

His first point is that jobs have become more skilled in many countries. The second major trend is that new jobs are being created in the 'high-value' service industries, such as hi-tech, business, health, education and creative sectors. Thirdly, job growth is taking place in certain major cities and regions but not others. (53 words)

 

C. Relate each of these jobs to one of the five high-value service industries Ian Brinkley mentioned in Exercise B.

accountant      architect       biochemist       financial analyst        games designer      journalist        lawyer       lecturer       radiologist        software developer       technician           telecommunications engineer

 

Đáp án:

high-tech: biochemist, software developer, technician, telecommunications engineer

business services: accountant, financial analyst, lawyer

education: lecturer

health: radiologist

culture and creative: architect, games designer, journalist

 

D. What do you think Ian Brinkley will say about the impact of technology on work? Listen to the next part of the interview and make a list of the points he mentions.

 

Đáp án:

He says three things: technology has led to quicker response times; it makes us work more quickly; and it improves communication.

 

E. Listen to the final part of the interview about job skills and correct the five factual errors in this summary.

When starting out on a career, it's important to get the most specialist set of skills and experiences possible. Nowadays, most employers are not looking for specialist staff; they want people who can perform a wide variety of tasks within the company. Employers especially want people who have good organisational skills, who can manage other people, and who can work independently, as well as people with some intercultural competence.

 

Đáp án:

When starting out on a career, it's important to get the most specialist widest set of skills and experiences possible. Nowadays, most employers are not looking for specialist staff; they want people who can perform a wide variety of tasks within the company. Employers especially want people who have good organisatienal communication skills, who can manage get on with other people, and who can work independently in a team, as well as people with some intercultural technical competence.

 

F. Read this blog and complete the gaps with the words in brackets in the correct form.

Skills for 21st.century jobs

Just what skills are needed to capture and retain the high-value jobs of tomorrow? While ………….. (1) (know) and strong analytical skills will be necessary, they may not be sufficient to keep these jobs. Those employees who hope to make themselves ………….. (2) (dispensable) must have much more. They must be capable of coming  up with unique, breakthrough ideas and express these ideas in a way that will be ………….. (3) (compel) and elicit the desired response from others. Easy to say, but very tough to do.

And how will we begin teaching another trait that may prove to be even more important in ensuring lifetime career ………….. (4) (succeed) in an increasingly volatile, ………….. (5) (predict) world? How will we teach the type of ………….. (6) (adapt) that will be required to ………….. (7) (continue) reinvent oneself to meet the demands of conditions we cannot even imagine, or jobs that we cannot yet define?

Although schools, family, peers and employers must all play some role in teaching these ………….. (8) (increase) critical skills, there is no escaping the uncomfortable truth. Every individual must assume greater ………….. (9) (responsible) for defining their own skills ………….. (10) (require) and for ensuring that they develop these skills.

 

Đáp án:

1. knowledge

2. indispensable

3. compelling

4. success

5. unpredictable

6. adaptability

7. continually

8. increasingly

9. responsibility

10. requirements

A. How would you answer these questions? Listen to Rob Giardina, an intercultural communications consultant. Does he mention the same points as you?

1. Why are there sometimes problems and misunderstandings when people write e-mails to each other?

2. What can you do to avoid these misunderstandings?

3. What can you do to solve the problem when there's obviously a conflict?

 

Đáp án:

1. No visual information, e.g. smiles or nods, being able to say, 'I don't understand'.

Your context is different from their context. For example, you write a quick e-mail, and they see it as brusque and direct. Some people don't express themselves well in writing.

2. When you read an e-mail, don't always believe your first impression- think about other possible interpretations. When you write e-mails, think about how the other person could maybe misinterpret what you're writing and then make it clear that you don't mean that.

Take into account the other person's perspective and context and, if necessary, ask open, neutral questions. E-mail can be particularly useful for multi-cultural teams because you can avoid the misunderstandings that can be caused by different communication styles and differences in things like body space or eye contact, etc. You can't interrupt or be interrupted.

3. You could talk about the problem face to face or on the phone, but if you're angry or frustrated, e-mail can help you to control what you communicate. You can make your e-mails more rational and less emotional.

 

B. Rewrite these e-mails so that they sound more polite and neutral in tone.

1.

Hello everyone. I must have an update on all your projects for a departmental report ASAP.

2

Hi guys, Samira wants a meeting on Tuesday morning at 10.00. Plan on being there. This meeting is very important!

3

CAN YOU SEND ME THE MONTHLY FIGURES ASAP??? OR EVEN SOONER;-)

4

I'm extremely busy and I just don't have time to deal with this right now!!!!!

5

Hi, guys. What the*$#@ is happening with that%*@& product presentation?

6

You don't understand. I was simply asking you to follow up with them and report back to me.

 

Đáp án mẫu:

 1. (Using must in requests can sound too direct. It helps to explain the reason why you are making the request. Remember to use please and thanks / thank you when making requests.)

Hello everyone. I need to get an update from you on each of your projects ASAP. What I'm looking for is any progress you can report on the projects. I'm working on a departmental report and I want to be able to include is information. Many thanks!

2. (It's common in British English to soften an order or instruction by wording it as a request. It's polite to allow for the fact that some people may not be able to attend.)

Hi guys, Samira wants us to have a meeting on Tuesday morning at 10.00. This meeting is very important, so please make every effort to be there. And let me know ASAP if you can't make it. Thanks.

3. (Don't write in capital letters in e-mails- many people associate this with shouting. Extra punctuation, such as the question marks here, can also seem rude. The use of humour and the 'smiley' at the end mitigates the directness of the request a little, but it's debatable whether emoticons are appropriate in business e-mails -most people would say not, as they can be seen as pretty infantile. Showing empathy for the position of the person you are writing to is a way to avoid misunderstanding and potential conflict.)

Hi Carol. I realise you're up to your neck at the moment, but could you please send me those monthly figures ASAP? Thanks.

4. (It's important not to get too emotional in an e-mail, as it may be seen as flaming, even when that was not the intention. Always check that your e-mails sound polite and rational before clicking on SEND.)

Hi David, This is a little awkward. I'd really like to help, but I'm just too busy at the moment to deal with this request. Can it wait, or could you find someone else to take care of it?

5. (A short e-mail is not necessarily rude. However, it's never a good idea to swear or use symbols to represent swear words in an e-mail, as it makes the tone much more negative.)

Hi, guys. What's happening with that product presentation?

6. (A misunderstanding involves both parties, and it's more common for misunderstandings to occur in asynchronous communication like e-mail. The use of the adverb simply here seems to intensify the negative tone of the message. It's typical in British culture to apologise when such misunderstandings arise, but it isn't essential)

(I'm sorry) There appears to be a misunderstanding here. What I'd like you to do is follow up with them and report back to me. Let me know if anything isn't clear. Thanks.

 

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